Tennessee, known for its rich cultural heritage and economic vitality, has experienced significant growth in its immigrant population over the past two decades. As of 2023, approximately 432,000 foreign-born residents call Tennessee home, accounting for about 6.1% of the state’s total population. (usafacts.org)
Demographics and Population Data
The immigrant community in Tennessee is diverse, with the largest groups originating from Mexico, Central America, Asia, and Africa. In 2023, the foreign-born population was distributed as follows:
- Mexico and Central America: 77%
- Asia: 12%
- Europe/Canada/Oceania: 3%
- Africa: 4%
- Naturalization: Approximately 40% of immigrants in Tennessee have become naturalized U.S. citizens. (americanimmigrationcouncil.org)
- Employment: Immigrants hold about 7.8% of jobs in Tennessee, slightly below the national average of 14.3%. (usafacts.org)
- Unauthorized Population: An estimated 128,000 unauthorized immigrants reside in Tennessee, with the majority originating from Mexico (51%), Guatemala (11%), and Honduras (9%). (migrationpolicy.org)
- School Voucher Program: In February 2025, Governor Bill Lee signed legislation expanding school voucher access to private schools for families, regardless of income. However, the program excludes undocumented immigrant families, requiring proof of legal U.S. residency for application. (apnews.com)
- Population Projections: By 2040, Tennessee’s population is projected to reach nearly 8 million, with significant growth among Hispanic, Black, and multiracial residents. The Hispanic population alone is expected to rise from 6.4% in 2022 to 9.5% by 2040. (axios.com)
- Tennessee Immigrant and Refugee Rights Coalition (TIRRC): A non-profit organization advocating for immigrant rights and providing resources and support.
- Tennessee Department of Human Services (DHS): Offers programs and services for immigrants, including assistance with food, healthcare, and employment.
- Local Community Centers: Many cities, such as Nashville and Memphis, have community centers offering language classes, legal assistance, and cultural integration programs.
- Eligibility: Ensure you meet the requirements for naturalization, including residency duration and language proficiency.
- Application Process: Visit the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) website for detailed instructions and forms.
- Legal Assistance: Consider consulting with an immigration attorney or accredited representative to navigate the process.
- Community Support: Engage with local organizations like TIRRC for guidance and support throughout your journey to citizenship.
- Tennessee governor signs new school voucher program that will exclude some immigrant families, Published on Wednesday, February 12
- Tennessee population to approach 8 million by 2040, Published on Wednesday, August 28
The top countries of origin include Mexico (51%), Guatemala (11%), Honduras (9%), India (6%), and El Salvador (4%). (migrationpolicy.org)
State-Specific Statistics and Data
State Laws, Regulations, and Policies
Tennessee has implemented several policies affecting immigrant communities:
Local Resources and Contacts
Tennessee offers various resources to support its immigrant communities:
Comparisons with National Averages
Tennessee’s immigrant population comprises 6.1% of the state’s total population, compared to the national average of 14.3%. Additionally, immigrants in Tennessee hold 7.8% of jobs, slightly below the national average of 14.3%. (usafacts.org)
Practical Information and Resources
For immigrants seeking citizenship in Tennessee:
Understanding Tennessee’s demographics, policies, and available resources is crucial for immigrants aiming to integrate and thrive within the state.